{"id":164,"date":"2017-11-25T08:54:00","date_gmt":"2017-11-25T08:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kalitut.com\/2017\/11\/25\/setup-dnsmasq-as-a-dhcp-server\/"},"modified":"2020-05-30T20:23:25","modified_gmt":"2020-05-30T20:23:25","slug":"setup-dnsmasq-as-dhcp-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kalitut.com\/setup-dnsmasq-as-dhcp-server\/","title":{"rendered":"Setup DNSMASQ as a DHCP server"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Setup Raspberry Pi DNSMASQ as a DHCP server<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kalitut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/DNSMASQ.png\" alt=\"DNSMASQ as a DHCP server\" class=\"wp-image-3239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalitut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/DNSMASQ.png 1024w, https:\/\/kalitut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/DNSMASQ-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/kalitut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/DNSMASQ-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;dnsmasq&#8221; refers to itself as &#8220;A lightweight DHCP and caching DNS server&#8221;. &#8220;Dnsmasq&#8221; is a very versatile daemon. In addition to being a DHCP server, it can also be used to provide DNS services (DNS forwarders) and IPv6 router advertisements.<br><strong>Preparing to operate a DHCP server<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Set IPv4 address range<\/li><li>Set subnet mask and default gateway<\/li><li>Set DNS server<\/li><li>Set lease time<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kalitut.com\/setup-isc-dhcp-server\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alternative: Setup ISC DHCP server<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Note: Name of the network interfaces<\/strong><br>Since Raspbian Stretch, the Ethernet and WLAN network interfaces have different names. So no longer &#8220;eth0&#8221; and &#8220;wlan0&#8221;, but &#8220;enx &#8230;&#8221; and &#8220;wlx &#8230;&#8221;. This concerns USB-connected network adapters whose names differ from the designations mentioned here. This means that one must first determine the individual name or change the naming to the old method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kalitut.com\/change-network-interfaces-in-raspbian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Change Raspbian Stretch network interfaces<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Important: Static IPv4 configuration<\/strong><br>It makes sense that the relevant interface with the DNSMASQ should serve the IP network with a static IPv4 configuration.<br>It is important that the IPv4 configuration is bound to the relevant interface, even if there is no physical connection to the network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: It is recommended to make the IPv4 configuration via the file &#8220;\/etc\/network\/interfaces&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kalitut.com\/Raspbian-static-IP\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Static IPv4 address for Raspbian Jessie and Stretch<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Setup DNSMASQ<\/strong><br>First we install the &#8220;dnsmasq&#8221; daemon.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nsudo apt-get install dnsmasq\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Then we continue with the configuration. Before we save the default configuration file and create a new one.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nsudo mv \/etc\/dnsmasq.conf \/etc\/dnsmasq.conf_old\nsudo nano \/etc\/dnsmasq.conf\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p>There we enter the following lines as minimal configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n# DHCP server active for WLAN interface\ninterface = wlan0\n\n\n# DHCP server not active for existing network\nno-dhcp-interface = eth0\n\n\n# IPv4 address range and lease time\ndhcp-range = 192.168.1.100,192.168.1.150,24h\n\n\n# DNS\ndhcp-option = option: dns-server 192.168.1.1\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Here the DHCP server and the DNS forwarding for the network interface &#8220;wlan0&#8221; is activated and for the interface &#8220;eth0&#8221; only DNS, but no DHCP is served. In addition, it is specified that in the WLAN, the IPv4 addresses are assigned from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.150 for the clients and the address of the DNS server is specified.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Test configuration<\/strong><br>Before commissioning, it is recommended to test the configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ndnsmasq --test -C \/etc\/dnsmasq.conf\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The syntax check should succeed with &#8220;OK&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Enable DNSMASQ<\/strong><br>Restart DNSMASQ:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nsudo systemctl restart dnsmasq\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Show DNSMASQ status:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nsudo systemctl status dnsmasq\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Start DNSMASQ at system startup:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nsudo systemctl enable dnsmasq\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Troubleshooting<\/strong><br>If it is not quite clear if and how &#8220;dnsmasq&#8221; distributes the IPv4 addresses, you can show the clients&#8217; communication with the DHCP server:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nsudo dnsmasq -dd -C \/etc\/dnsmasq.conf\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p>You can see the lease file here:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ncat \/var\/lib\/misc\/dnsmasq.leases\n<\/pre><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Setup Raspberry Pi DNSMASQ as a DHCP server &#8220;dnsmasq&#8221; refers to itself as &#8220;A lightweight DHCP and caching DNS server&#8221;. &#8220;Dnsmasq&#8221; is a very versatile daemon. In addition to being a DHCP server, it can also be used to provide DNS services (DNS forwarders) and IPv6 router advertisements.Preparing to operate a DHCP server<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3239,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pgc_meta":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[172],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Setup DNSMASQ as a DHCP server - 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